Bread-making machine.



PATENTED N OV. 24, 19031.

C. KESSLER. BREAD MAKING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION FILED MAY 26, 1902.

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PATENTBD NOV. 24, 1903.

C. KESSLER.l BREAD MAKING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY ze. 1902.

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No. 745,018. PATENTED NOV. 24, 1903.

C. KESSLER. BREAD MAKING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 2'6, 1902.A

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No. 745,018. PATENTED NOV. 24, 1903. C. KESSLER.

BREAD MAKING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY ze, 1902.

No MODEL. 9 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

No. 745,018. PATENTBD NOV. 24, 1903. C. KESSLER. BREAD MAKING MACHINE.

APPLIQATION FILED MAY 2G, 1902. No MODEL. 9 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

PATEN'IED NOV. 24, 1903.

C. KESSLER. BREAD MAKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 26,1902.

.9 SHEETS-jSHEET 6.

NO MODEL.,

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PATENTED `NOV. 24, 1903.

BREAD MAKING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 26, 1902.

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PATBNTED Nv. 24, 1903,

C. KESSLER. BREAD MAKING IVIAGI-Hh`-` APPLICATION FILED MAY 2s, 1902.

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No. 745,018. PATENTED NOV. 24, 1903.

C. KESSLER. BREAD MAKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MALv 2G, 1902. `NO MODEL. 9 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

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W/ TNE SSE S A TTOHNE Y UNITED STATES Patented November 24, 1903.

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BREAD-MAKING MACH-HNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 745,018, dated November24, 1903.

Application filed May 26, 1902. Serial No. 109,107. (No modell) To a/ZZwhom t muy concern.:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN KEssLER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Indianapolis, inthe county of Marion and State of Indiana,have invented new and useful Improvements in Bread-Making Machines, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in machineryfor automatically forming and molding loaves of bread; and it consistsin the mechanism and means employed for performing the variousoperations necessary to form the loaves of bread and to divide the doughinto parts of equal size and weight and to form and prepare such dividedportions ready to be placed in the baking-oven.

The object of this my invention is, first, to prepare the dough byspecially arranged and designed mechanism, as red ucing-rollers, to berolled into a continuous sliver of uniform weight and size, thenconducting said dough from said rollers and while being thus conductedto roll the same into a continous roll or cylinder of uniform diameter,density, and weight, then conducting said roll of dough to, into, andthrough asuitable die or die-rollers, then rolling out or attening saidcontinuous roll or cylinder of dough and dressing the edges of the sameto a uniform width, then to provide suitable means whereby the doughthus formed will be divided or separated into parts or loaves of equalsizes and weight and similar forms, and, finally, to provide meanswhereby the dough throughout its passage through the machine will bethoroughly floured r dusted and formed or finished by suitably-formedfinishing mechanism or forming-rollers and delivered completely formed,ready to be placed in `a baking-oven. I attain these objects by means ofthe mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which similarnumerals of reference designate like parts throughout the several views.

Figure l is a side sectional elevational View of themachine and takenthrough the lineAB. (See Fig. 2.) Fig. 2 is a plan view ofthe same. Fig.3 is a side elevational view of the same, showing the driving side ofthe machine. Fig. et is an enlarged detail end View of the foldinglooking in the direction of the arrow b.

or rolling apron and looking in the direction of the arrowct. (See Figs.5 and 6.) Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail side view of the same and (SeeFigs. 4: and 5.) Fig. 6 is a plan View of the same. Fig. 7 is anenlarged detail end view of the centering or conducting apron andlooking in the direction of the arrow c. (See Figs. 8 and 9.) Fig. Sisan enlarged detail side View of the same looking in the direction of thearrow d. (See Figs. 7 and 9,) Fig. 9 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 10is an enlarged detail elevational View of the die or forming rollerslooking in the direction of the arrows e. (See Figs. l1 and l2.) Fig. 1lis an end elevational view of the same looking in the direction of thearrows f. (See Figs. 10 and 12.) Fig. 12 is a plan' view of the same..Fig.

13 is an enlarged detail part sectional elevational view of thedough-turning mechanism looking in the direction of the arrows g. (SeeFigs. 14 and 15.) Fig. 14 is a similar elevational view of the samelooking in the direction of the arrows 72.. (See Figs. 13 and 15.) Fig.15 is a plan View of the same. Fig. 16 is a detail view of the mechanismfor operating the mechanism for turning the divided portions of doughafter leaving the dividing knife. Fig. 17 is a detail plan View of thevariable-speed driving mechanism for driving the dividing-knife. Fig.l18 is an enlarged detail View of the dough conducting arm, whereby therolled dough as it leaves the folding or rolling apron is conducted tothe die-rollers, and the same may be substituted for the secondary orconducting apron. Fig. 19 is a detail view of the folding ordoughrolling rollers and which may be substituted for the primary ordough folding or rolling apron. Fig. 2O is an end sectional view of thesame. Fig. 2l is a plan View of another form of folding-roller, showingthe spirallyarranged folding-blades thereof. Fig. 22 is an end sectionalview of the saine. Fig. 23 is a detail perspective view of the same..Fig. 24 is a detail perspective view of the flattening-roller andshowing the arrangement of the driving-gear of the same. Fig. 25 is anenlarged detail end view of the trimmingdisks and showing thedriving-gear for rotat- Fig. 2G is a detail ing or driving the same.

ICO

perspective view of the primary receiving Itraversing and the secondaryreceiving traversing apron-rollers and showing the arrangement ofdriving-gearing for driving the primary ltraversing apron-roller. Fig.27 is a perspective view of the rear conducting and working rollers andthe driving-gearing for rotating the same. Fig. 28 is a detailtransverse sectional elevational view of the loafforming rollers andtheir forming-table, and Figs. 29 and 30 are views of dierent forms ofloaves made by using the diierent forms of forming-tables.

The main frame of the machine is composed of the side frames 1 and 2,which are maintained in vertical position and parallel to each other bysuitable distance-beams 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.

The dough-receiving or feed rollers consist of the master or iixedroller 8 and the upper or adjustable roller 9, and said roller 8 ispreferably provided with suitable end iianges 10, which are provided forthe purpose of preventing the pliable dough as it is passed between saidupper and lower rollers 8 and 9 spreading out beyond the contactingsurfaces of said rollers, and the said roller 8 has its ends journaledin suitable box-bearings tted in and supported by the standards 11,which latter are firmly and securely bolted to the top of the frames 1and 2. A continuouslyrotating stripping-brush 8' is jonrnaled on thedelivery. side of and contiguous to the lower one of the dough-reducingrollers, and by this brush the dough is eectually stripped or removedfrom the delivery side of said rollers as the same is discharged uponthe apron 48. The top or adjustable feed-roller 9 is situated slightlyin advance of the bottom roller 8 for the purpose of exposing a greatersurface of the said roller 9 to the dough as it is fed from theAhopper-board 12, hereinafter described, and the said roller 9 hasits endjournals jou rnaled in suitable boxbearings 13, which latter are adaptedto slide in the inclined ways 15, formed in the standard 11. Thebox-bearings 13 are each caused to be moved simultaneously and throughequal distances to raise or lower said roller 9 by the adjusting-screws16, which latter are journaled at their top ends in the braces 17,

and said screws are prevented from moving longitudinally in theirbearings by the collars 18, which latter' bear against the bottom sidesof the braces 17 and by the hubs of the bevelgears 19, which bear on theopposite sides of said braces, and the latter gears are secu red on thetop ends of said screws 16 to turn therewith, and the bottom orscrew-threaded ends of said screws 16 are screwed into the top ends 14of the boxes 13. The braces 17 are securely bolted to and on the topends of the standards 11, and the said braces are provided with the endbearings 20, which are formed integral thereon, and in these bearingsthe hand-shaft 2l is adapted to rotate.

' The hand-shaft 21 is provided with the bevelgears 22, which are keyedor otherwise secured on said shaft to turn therewith, and saidbevel-gears mesh with the bevel-gears 19 to turn the screws 16simultaneously. A suitable hand-wheel 23 is secured on either end of thesaid hand-shaft 21 and by means of which the latter shaft is turned whenit is required to change or adjust the. position of the roller 9. Aiour-box 24, having its top and bottom ends open, is secured at its endsto and between the box-bearings 13 in -such a position that the bottomopen side of said iour-box is closed by the roller 9, thereby exposingthe surface of the latter to contact with the flour contained in saidHour-box 24 to receive a regular and even coating of flour to preventthe dough with which it contacts adhering to its surface. A flour-sieve25 extends along the interior of the box 24 and is provided for thepurpose of preventing the entire body of the Iionrcontained in saidflourbox contacting directly with said roller and being wasted. TheequaIizing-rollers 26,27, and 28 areijou'rnaled at their ends insuitable journal-boxes 29, secured to the sides 30 of the feed or hoppertable 12, and said rollers are driven positively by the gear-wheel 31,secured on the projecting end of one of the journals of the roller 8,meshing with the gear-wheel 32 on the roller 26, and the said wheel 33meshes with the gear-wheel or'idler 34, journaled on the fixed stud 35,and said idler meshes with the gear-wheel 36, secured on the prolongedend journal of the roller 27, and this latter wheel meshes with theintermediate or idler 37, journaled on the fixed stud 38, and the latteridler 38 meshes with the gear-wheel 39, secured on the prolonged end ofthe journal of the equalizing-roller 28, and thus the saidequaliZing-rollers 26, 27, and 28 are driven simultaneously and in thesame direction of rotation. A deur-box 39h, having its -top and bottomends open, is supported in any suitable manner by any suitable securingmeans in a position so that its openbottom end will be directly over theequalizing-roilers 26, 27, and 28, and extending along and across theinterior of the said Hour-box 39b is the flour-sieve 40, and the saidHour-box 39h, havingthe sieve 40, is provided for the purpose of dustingor coating the said equalizing-rollers 26, 27, and 28 with a lightuniform layer of flour to prevent the dough as it passes under them fromsticking to their surfaces.

An adjustable hopper-board or table 12, having the sides 30, is providedwith`the forward side -snpporting arms 41, which are hinged or pivotedon the inner collars formed on the ends of the fixed or master roller 8to permit the hopper-board or table 12 to be tilted or inclined atvarying angles, and the segmental vertically-extending arms 42, securedto the side frames 1 and 2, having the slotted boltway 43, through whichthe secur-y ing-bolts 44`pass, with nuts 45, are provided ICO IIO

Isl

for the purpose of adjustably and securely supporting the tilting end ofsaid hopperboard or table 12 in any angle of inclination. A Hour-box 46,having its top and bottom ends open, is bolted or otherwise firmlysecured at its ends to the lugs 47, formed integral on the inner sidesof the standards 11, and in such position relatively to the fixedfeed-roller 8 that the bottom open side thereof is closed by the latterroller, thereby exposing the surface of said roller to contact with theflour contained in said flour-box 46, as and for the same purposedescribed in connection with the flour-boxes 24 and 39h. An endlesstraversing apron 48 extends from the front apron or tension-roller 49and is conducted by the guide-rollers 50 and 51 under the feed-roller 8and to and over the top of the table 52, to and round thepositivelydriven delivering-roller 53, and thence directly andbackwardly to the tension-roller 49. The tension-roller 49 is journaledat its ends in the adjustable boxes 54, which latter are adj ustablysecured on the top sides of the main frames 1 and 2 by the bolts 55,which latter pass through the slots 56, formed in the top flanges ofsaid frames 1 and 2, and the tension of the said apron 48 is adjusted bythe tension-adjusting screws 57, which turn in the bearings formed inthe arms 58, and said screws 57 are screwed into the slidingjournal-boxes 54, and thus the said journalboxes are traversed in eitherdirection to either increase or decrease the tension of the apron 48 tothe required degree. The lower guide-roller 50 and the upper guiding orreceiving roller 5l are journaled at their ends in suitable bearingsformed in the standards 11, and the said rollers are so situated thatthe apron 48 will be conducted from the forward tension-roller 49 in ahorizontal plane under and clear of the roller 8 to the tensionroller49.

A flour-box 59, having its top and bottom ends open and provided with asieve 60,which extends along and across the interior of said hour-box ator near its open bottom end, is secured at its sides to the lugs 6l,formed integral on the standards ll, and the said liourbox is providedfor the purpose of flouring or dusting the apron 48 as it leaves or ispaid oft` the tension-roller 49 to prepare the said apron to receive thedough as it is passed from and discharged by the reducing-rollers 8 and9 to convey the said dough along the top of the table 52. An endlesstraversing apron 62 passes round the apron-roller 63, over thehopper-board 12, round the masterroller 8, and backwardly over thetensionroller 64, situated under the hopper-board 12, to the forwardroller 63. The tension-roller 64 is journaled at its ends in thedepending journals or hangers 65, which latter are adjustably secured tothe sides 30 of the hopperboard 12. (See Figs. 1 and 3.)

A flour-box 66, having its top and bottom sides open and provided with asieve 67, is secured at its ends tothe sides 30 of the hopperboard 12,soas to be situated directly above the apron-roller G3, and the saidHour-box is provided for the purpose of dusting or flouring the apron62. A brush 67b is secured to the rear bottom side of the flour-box 66and extends transversely across the traversing apron 62, and said brushis situated so as to contact with said traversing apron, and the saidbrush is provided for the purpose of uniformly and evenly spreading theour-dust over the entire surface of said apron 62. Thepower-distributing driving-shafts 68 and 69 extend longitudinally of themachine and are journaled in their bearings 70 and 7l, formed integralon the inner sides of the side frames l and 2, and said shafts are eachdriven to rotate simultaneously by two independent trains of gears, bothof which are alike and drive their respective shafts at the same speedof rotation and consist of the spurgears 72, keyed on that portion ofthe necks 73 on each end ofthe roller 8 and between the latter andtheend journals thereof, and the said gears 72 mesh with the idler-gears74, which latter are adapted to turn on the studs 75, secured to each ofthe side standards 11 andin position on the inside thereof so that theidlers 74 on shaft 75 mesh with the spur-gears 76,securely keyed onshaft 77, which latter shaft is journaled in suitable bearings 78,formed in the side or main frames l and 2.

Adjacent to the spur-gears 76 are the bevelgears 79, which are alsosecurely keyed on said shaft 77 to turn therewith and are adapted tomesh with the bevel-gears 80, securely keyed on the ends of thepower-distributing or driving shafts 68 and 69 to rotate the lattershafts.

The next process the dough has to undergo after leaving thereducing-rollers 8 and 9 is the folding process by which the iiat ribbonof dough is folded or rolled into a round or cylindrical roll of uniformdiameter and density. This I accomplish by means of the endless cross orfolding apron 8l, the proper speed of which is adjusted relatively tothe speed of the traversing apron 48, and the said apron 8l extendstransversely round and over the longitudinally-extending traversingapron 48, and the said apron 81 extends over the cross or folding apronroller 82, under the roller 83, the intermediate diagonally-extendingroller 84, and the roller 85, thence over the upper roller 86 and roundthe lower tension or adjusting roller 87, back to the roller 82. Theroller 82 has its end journals 91 prolonged to iit and to turn in thebearings 88, formed integral on the free ends of the brackets 89, andthelatter brackets are adjustably secured to the brackets 90 to be moved ina vertical direction, and the supporting-brackets 90 are secured to thetop of the frame 1 to be adjusted in a horizontal direction, and thus bymoving either of the brackets 90 transversely with the side frames theangu- 'ICL IIO

larity of the cross or folding apron 81, with the traversing apron 48,may be adjusted when so required.

The roller 83 has its end journals 92 adapted to turn in itsjournal-bearings 93, which latter are removably secured to thecrossapron roller-supporting arms 94 and 95. The diagonally-extendingroller 84 has its end journals 96 adapted to turn in the bearings 97 and98, which latter are removably secured to the cross-apron-supportingarms 94 and 95. The apron-roller 85 has its end journals 99 journaled inthe journal-bearings 100, similarv to those of the roller 83. The endapron-roller 86 has its end journals 101 journaled in suitable bearingsformed in the arms 94 and 95 at or near the free ends thereof. Theloweror tension roller 87 hasits end journals 102 journaled in suitablejournal-bearings formed near the swinging ends of the swinging or\radius arms 103. The upper apron-supporting arms 94 and 95 and the lowerradius-arms 103 are pivoted at their pivotal ends 94p, 95p, and103p onthe end journals 91 of the roller 82 between the said roller and itsbearings 88 to swing thereon, and the forward free ends of said arms areadjustably secured and supported as hereinafter set forth. Thetension-bars 104 are pivotally connected at their bottom ends to theswinging ends of the radius-arms 103 by the pins 105, and the topthreaded ends of said bars 104 extend through the eyes or bores of thebosses 106, formed integral on the top bars 94 and 95, and on thethreaded ends of said bars are situated the bottom adjustingnuts 107,which bear against the lower sides of the bosses 106. The clamping orjam nuts 108 are situated on the said tension-bars above the bosses 106and the same are provided for the purpose of securely clamping thetension-bar 104 to the arms 94 and 95 to prevent any undue vibration ofthe tension-roller 87. On the extreme ends of the arms 94 and 95 areformed the bosses 109, through the bores of which the anchor-rods 110pass, and these latter are pivoted at their bottom ends to the eyebolts111, secured to the side frame 2 by pins 112, and said anchor-rods 110are threaded at their top ends to receive thelower adjusting-nuts 113and the upper adjustingnuts 114 and the adjusting nut-washers 115. Acoil-spring 116 surrounds the anchor-rods 110 between the adjustingnut-washers 115 and the bosses 109, and the said springs are providedfor the purpose of forming a yielding resistance against the upwardmovement of the bars 94 and 95 which might be caused by an uneven orenlarged portion of the dough passingthrough and under the folding-apron81, thus forming the rollers 83, 84, and 85 upwardly.. Motion isimparted to the foldingapron 81 and its rollers from thepower-distributing shaft 68 by means of a train of gears consisting of adrive spur-gear 117, keyed or otherwise secured on said shaft 68, whichgear meshes with the gear-Wheel 118, keyed on the first joint or section119 of the universal-jointed shaft. A gearwheel 120 is keyed on thesecond or end section 121 of said universal shaft, and the saiddrivinggear meshes with the driven gear 122, keyed or otherwise securedon one of the journals 91 of the roller 82. The universal shaft by whichthe gear-wheel 118 is connected to the gear-wheel 120 to turn therewithis composed of the end sections 119 and 121 and an intermediate section123, which latter section is connected to said end sections by suitableuniversal joints 124, which may be of any approved form of construction.The first section 119 of the universal shaft is journaled in thebearing-bracket 125, which is adjustably secured to thesupporting-standards 126 by the securing-bolts 127, and the latterstandard 126 is secured to the top side of the main side frame 2 by thesecuring-bolts 128 to be adjustable transversely with the frame, andthus as the bearings 88 are moved upwardly and downwardly ortransversely with the machine to move the apron-roller 82 into any newposition the bearing 125 and its supportingstandard 126 may also beadjusted when so required to secure the proper and free working of thesections 119 and 121 of the universal shaft. The second section 121 ofthe universal shaft 123 is journaled in the bearing 121]), formedintegral on the bracket 89, and said shaft is secured in positiontherein by the fixed collar 121.

Thesecond cross or centering apron mechanism is somewhat similar inconstruction to that of the folding-apron mechanism, and its function isto transfer the folded or rolled dough from the edge of the main ortraversing apron .48 to the center thereof to guide and direct the doughthus rolled into the dierollers, hereinafter set forth.

The second cross or centering apron 129 traverses in a directionopposite to the apron 81 and extends transversely around and overthelongitudinally-extendingtraversingapron 48, and the said apron 129extends over the first apron-roller 130, under the parallel rollers 131and 132, then over the adjustable tension-roller 133 and over the outerroller 134 and downwardly to and round the lower tension-roller 135, andthence back to the roller 130. The roller 130 has its end journals 136prolonged to fit and to turn in the bearings 137, formed integral on thefree ends of the brackets 138, and the latter brackets are adj ust-ablysec u red to the brackets 139 to be moved,`when such is necessary, in avertical direction, and the supportingbrackets 139 are secured to thetop of the frame 2 to be adjusted in a horizontal and transversedirection with ythe machine, and thus by moving either of thesaidsupportingbrackets 139 the said centering-apron 129 may be adjusted tobe either at right angles with the main traversing apron 48 or to anangle therewith, according as to the natureV and the requirements of thedough to bc IIO worked. The parallel centering-rollers 131 and 132 llavetheir end journals 140 adapted to turn in their journal-bearings 140,which latter are removably and adjustably secured to the cross-apron-roller-supporting arms 141. (See Figs. 7 and 9.) The top tension-roller133 has its end journals 142 adapted to turn in the bearings 143, whichare adjustably and removably secured to the supporting-arms 141. Thefixed end apron-roller 134 has its end journals 144 fitted in andadapted to turn in suitable journal-bearings formed at or near the endsof the supporting-arms 141. The lower tensionroller 135 has its endjournals 145 journaled in suitable journal-bearings formedin the lowerswinging or radius arms 146. The upper apron-supporting arms 141 and thelower radius-arms 146 are pivoted at their pivotal ends 141p and 1461 onthe end journals 136 of the roller 130 between said roller and thebearings 137 to swing thereon, and the forward free ends of said armsare adjustably secured and supported by means similar to that used inconnection with the folding or rolling apron mechanism, and which meansI will now pro-4 ceed to describe. The tension-bars 147 are pivotallyconnected at their bottom ends to the swinging ends of the radius-arms146 by the pins 148, and the top threaded ends of said bars 147 extendthrough the bores of the bosses 149, formed integral on the topsupporting-arms 141, and on the threaded ends of said bars are screwedthe bottom adjusting-nuts 150, which bear against the bottom sides ofthe bosses 149. The clamping or jam nuts 151 are situated on the saidtension-bars 147 above the arms 146, and the same are provided for thepurpose of securely clamping the tension-bars 147 to the swinging arms146 to prevent any undue vibration of the rollers supported by said arms141. On the extreme ends of the upper arms 141 are formed the bosses152, through the bores of which the anchor-rods 153 pass, and theselatter are pivoted at their bottom ends to the eyebolts 154, secured tothe side frame 1, and said anchor-rods 153 are threaded at their topends to receive the lower adjusting-nuts 154b and the upperadjusting-nuts 155. A coil-spring 156 surrounds the anchor-rods 153between the adjusting-nut washers 157 and the bosses 152, and the saidspring is provided for the purpose'of forming a yielding bearing toresist the upward movement of the bars 141.

Motion is imparted to the centering-apron 129 and its rollers by thelongitudinally-extending drive or power-distributing shaft 69 by meansof a train of gears somewhat similar to the drivegears of thefolding-apron mechanism, and the said gears consist of a drive spur-gear158, keyed or otherwise secured on the shaft 69, which gear meshes withthe gear-wheel 159, keyed or otherwise secured on the first section 160of the universal shaft.` A gear-wheel 161 is keyed on the second section162 of the said universal shaft, and the said drive-gear 161 meshes withthe gear 163, keyed or otherwise secured on one of the journals 136 ofthe roller 136. The universal shaft by which the gear-wheel 159 isconnected to the gear-wheel 161 to turn therewith is composed of the endsection 160 and the end section 162 and an intermediate section 164,which latter section is connected to said end sections by suitableuniversal joints or couplings 165, which latter may be of any approvedform of construction. The first section 160 of the universal shaft isjournaled in the bearing-bracket 166, which is adjustably secured to thetop of the main side frame 2 by suitable securing-bolts 167 to beadjustable transversely with the frame and the machine. The secondsection 162 of said universal shaft is journaled in the bearings 168,formed integral on the bearingbracket 138, and the said section 162 ismaintained in position in said bearing by its retaining-collar 169.

I do not confinev myself. to this particular form of construction andarrangement of mechanism for folding, rolling, and centering the doughon the main traversing apron after being delivered from thereducingrollers preparatory to delivering the same to the dierollers andother mechanism for forming and working the dough, as other forms andarrangements of mechanism maybe employed to perform this functionequally well-as, for instance, the mechanism illustrated in Figs. 21,22, and 23, (see Sheet 9)-and which may be substituted for theabove-described apron mechanism, and which latter mechanism I will nowproceed to describe.

A diagonally-extending folding-roller 170 has its end journals 171journaledin the bearings 172 and the adjustable bearings 173 secured tothe main side frames l and 2. A bevel-gear 174 is keyed on the shaft 68and meshes with the bevel-gear 175, keyed or otherwise secured on theshaft 176, and on the upper end of said shaft 176, above the bearing 177thereof, is keyed the bevel-gear 178, which meshes with the bevel-gear179, keyed on the neck of the journal 171 of the roller 170 to rotatethe latter in the direction indicated by the arrow-that is, in adirection opposed to the movement of the traversing apron 48. A seriesof helically-extending blades 180, preferably of rubber or other pliableand elastic material, surrounds the roller 170, and the said blades areprovided to lift and to turn over the sliver or ribbon of dough as it ispassed under said roller to fold and to turn the dough over upon -itselfto form a continuous roll. A rotary cleaning or stripping brush 181 hasits end journals 182 journaled in the bearings 183, formed in the topends of the roller-hearings 172 and 173, and the said brush is rotatedby means of the spur-gear 134, keyed on the journal 171 of thefolding-roller 170, which wheel meshes with the gear-wheel 135, whichlatter meshes with the gear-Wheel185, keyed on the journal 182 of therotating brush 181, and the said brush is so situated relatively to thesaid foldingroller 170 and in parallel relation thereto .that in theevent of the dough adhering to ing folded or rolled by thefolding-roller 170 may-be moved centrally on the traversing apron 48 andconducted directly to and into the dierollers 194 and 195 consists ofthe idler-rollers 186, (see Sheet 8,) each of which rollers is arrangedin a row and has its axis slightly inclined to the plane of the apron48, and said rollers have their bottom` flanged portions 189 beveled tocontact With the surface of the traversing apron 48 to irnpart a rotarymotion thereto gentlyand gradually to move the dough to the center ofthe apron Without resistance to said dough, which would break the skinthereof or tear the dough. The rollers 186 are each journaled on thestuds 188, which latter are firmly sel' supporting-beam 198.

cured to the supporting-arm 1899. The supporting-arm 189a is pivoted atone end to the vertically-extending stud 190, which latter is secured tothe main side frame 2, and the free or swinging end of said arm 189n isheld in position by the securing-bar 191, which is pivoted to the freeend of said arm 189a at one end and at its opposite end is adjustablysecured to the stud 192, which latter is secured to the frame 2 by abinding-nut 193.

I Will now proceed to describe the die-rollers, Whose function it is toequalize the thickness and density of the dough. The side dierollers 194and the top die-rollers 195 have their peripheries concaved, so thatwhen combined, as shown particularly in Fig. 10, they form approximatelya complete circle. The side die-rollers 194 have their enlarged bottomedges beveled to contact With the traversing apron 48 to assist therotation of said rollers, and said rollers 194 are mounted to turn onthe fixed studs 196, secured tothe bearings 197, formed integral on thecross The top edges of the side rollers 194 are preferably provided withthe bevel-toothed surfaces 199, which teeth mesh With the teeth 200,formed on the beveled edges ofthe top die-roller 195 to be positivelydriven thereby. rlhe die-roller 195 is secured on its shaft 200s betweenthe journal-bearings 197 to turn with said shaft, and said shaft 200 isprolonged to fit and to turn in the bearing 201, formed on the end ofthe supporting-standard 202. The supportingstandards 202 and 203 havetheir base ends 204 securely bolted to the top of the frames 1 and 2,and to their top end bearing-faces are fitted and securely bolted theends of the supporting-beam 198, by which means the 4thesupporting-standards 202.

entire Weight and resistanceL of all the die' rollers 194 and 195 aresustained. A bevelgear 206, keyed on the shaft 68, meshes with thebevel-gear 207, keyed on the lower end of the vertical shaft 208 to turnthe latter, and a bevel-gear 209, keyed on the upper end of saidvertical shaft, meshes with the bevelgear 210, keyed on the die-rollershaft 200s to positively rotate said die-rollers 194 and 195, and thesaid vertical shaft 208 is journaled in the bearings 211, formedintegral on When it is required to change the form of the dough from around section to that of a rectangular section as it leaves thefolding-rollers 83 and 84 and their folding-apron 81, I employ plaincylindrical rollers for that purpose and situate them relatively to eachother so that their axes will beat right angles to each other, and thesaid rollers are substituted for and driven as the rollers 194 aud 195.It is essential that the peripheral speed of all the die-rollers beequal to each other and equal to the lineal speed of the traversingapron 48 in order that the soft pliable dough be not forced orstretched. The dough having been passed through the die-rollers 94 and95 is now carried under the flattening-roller 212, the function of Whichroller is to'iatten out and to reduce the thickness of the dough as thesame is being traversed under it or carried under it by the traversingapron 48. The roller 212 extends transversely across and above the apron48'and is supported at the proper distance above said apron by thestandards 213 and 214 inthe bearings 213, on which the journals 2142L ofthe flatteningroller 212 turn. The flattening-roller 212 is rotated at aperipheral speed equal to the lineal velocity of the traversing apron 48by the bevel gear-Wheels 215, keyed on the shaft 68, Which gear-wheelsmesh with the bevel gear-wheel 216, keyed on the bottom end of thevertical shaft 217 to turn the latter, and a bevel-gear 218, keyed onthe top end of said vertical shaft 217, adapted to turn in the bearings217, formed integral With the standard 214, meshes With the bevel -gear219, keyed on the neck of the journal2l2fL to rotate the latter gear 219to impart the proper peripheral speed to the fiatteniug-roller 212- thatis', a speed equal to the lineal speed of the traversing apron 48.

A flour-box 220, having its top and bottom sides open and provided witha sieve 221, which extends entirely along and across the interior ofsaid flour-box, at or near the open bottom side thereof, is provided forthe purpose of equally distributing the flour-dust over the surface ofthe rollers 194 and 195 to be dusted or floured, and the said flourvbox220 is supported with its open bottom side directly over the die-rollers194 and 195 andthe flattening-roller 212 by its supporting-standards222, which latter are secured to the supporting-standards 213 and 214and the standards 202 and 203.

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The next process to which the dough is subjected is the trimming,evening, or paralleling of the edges thereof. This is accomplished bythe trimming-disks 223, which I will now proceed to describe. The saidtrimming-disks 223 have their peripheral trimming edges rounded or of asemicircular form and said edges are maintained at all times in closecontact with the traversing apron 48, and the object of such a forur oftrimming edge is to crush the projecting uneven edges of the dough fromthe main body thereof rather than to cut or sever the dough by means ofa knife-edge, which latter method has been found in practice to beimpractical and would expose the wet severed surface to the rolls andthe traversing,r apron, thereby causing the dough to adhere thereto, andsuch edged disks would be further impractical, as they would sever orcut the traversing apron. The trimming-disks 223 are removably andadjustably mounted on the shaft 224 by any suit,- able means, as theset-screws 225, to be set at pleasure at any required distance apart,and the said shaft 224 is journaled at its ends in the bearings 226,formed in the standards 227 and 228, which latter are securely bolted tothe side frames 1 and 2. The trimming-disks 223 are rotated by the driving-gear train, (see Fig. 25,) consisting of the bevel-gear 229g,meshing with the bevel-gear 228g, keyed on the vertical shaft 226g, andthe latter shaft 226g is journaled in the bearings 227g, formed integralon the standard 227. A bevel-gear 224g, keyed on the top end of thcshaft 226g, meshes with the bevel-gear 223g, keyed on the disk-shaft 224to turn the latter. The dough thus worked and equalized is prepared tobe divided into parts of equal size and weight, and the dividing-knife229 and the mechanism whereby the latter is operated I will now proceedto describe. The dividingknife 229 is preferably constructed with arounded blunted dividing edge, and this form of dividing edge isprovided for the purpose of dividing the dough by compressionwithoutcutting or severing it, as would be the case Were the knife providedwith a sharp cutting edge, and by this method of dividing the dough theouter skin of the latter is preserved Whole and Without break or crack,and the said knife has its outer reduced ends 230 extended beyond themain side frames 1 and 2, and to the said reduced ends are secured theend bosses 231 bysuitable bolts or other securing means, and the saidbosses are drilled to receive the reduced ends of thevertically-extending reciprocating rods 2 2, to which the ends of thesaid knife are secured by suitable nuts screwed on the threaded ends ofthe said rods 232 above and below said end bosses 231 of saiddividing-knife. The vertically-extending reciprocating rods 232 areadapted to reciprocate in the bearings 233, formed integral with theguide-bars 234, by means of Which latter the bottom cross-head ends 235of said rods 232 are guided V and steadied throughout their paths. Theguide-bars 234 extend vertically downwardly, with the crossheadhearing-faces' of said bars parallel to each other, and between whichhearing-faces the cross-heads 235 are fitted to freely slide andreciprocate, and the said guide-bars 234 are provided with the ttingstrips or feet 236, formed integral on the topendsthereot, which feetare securely bolted to the outer sides of the top rails of the sideframes 1 and 2 to securely maintain said guide-bars in their truevertical positions. The cam-rollers 237 are mounted on the cam-rollerpins 237b to turn thereon, and the said pins have their ends reduced andthreaded to be firmly secured in the bore of the cross-head 235. Thecamdisks 238, situated at the opposite outer sides of the machine, areeach provided with the cam-grooves 239, both of which grooves are alikeand similar in form, which are adapted to receive the cam-rollers 237,and the said cam-disks are permanently secured in position relatively toeach other ou the eXtreme ends of their common driving-shaft 240, thatthe said cam-grooves 239 will operate to reciprocate thevertically-reciprocating rods 232 simultaneously and in the samedirection. The cam-shaft 240 is journaled in suitable bearings formed inthe side frames 1 and 2. A gear-wheel 241 is keyed or otherwise :firmlysecured on the cam-shaft 240, and the said gear-Wheel meshes with thegear-pinion 242, secured on the shaft 243. The shaft 243 is journaled insuitable bearings 244, formed on the side frames 1 and 2, and agear-wheel 245, keyed on the shaft 243, meshes with the pinion 246,secured ou the shaft 247 to turn therewith. 0n the outer projecting endsof the intermediate shaft 243 are keyed the fly- Wheels 24S, which areprovided for the purpose of steadying the movement of the said cam-shaft240, which would otherwise be irregular owing to the unequal andintermittent distribution of the forces due to the reciprocating knife.It is necessary that the speed of the reciprocating knife be adjustable,so as to be varied at pleasure in order that the lengths or sizes of thedivisions of the dough may be either increased or diminished, as when itis required to make a larger or a smaller loat` of bread, and for thisreason I provide the variable-speed mechanism, which I will now proceedto describe. On the shaft 247 are mounted the interlocking or doubleconcs 249, which are adapted to slide longitudinally thereon and to turntherewith, and on the shaft 250 are mounted the interlocking or doublecones 251, which are also adapted to slide longitudinally on said shaftand to turn therewith. Integral on each of the cones 249 and 251 areformed the clutchcollars 252, which are provided with suitableperipheral grooves 253, which are adapted to receive the shifting pins254, secured on the'ends of the shifting lever 255. The shifting lever255 is pivoted on the fulcrum-pin 256, secured on the supporting-bracket257,

which latter is firmly bolted to the bottom rail of the side frame 1 andin position thereon to maintain the shifting pins 254 in the grooves253. A shifting handle 258, by means of which the said shifting lever is'manipulated, is formed centrally on and integral with the lever 255. Aexible belt 259 surrounds the speed-cones 249 and 251 to transmit motionfrom the latter to the former. A gear-wheel 260, keyed or otherwisesecured to the shaft 250, meshes with the gear-wheel 261, keyed on theshaft 262, and the latter shaft is adapted to turn in its bearings 263,formed on the side frames l and 2. On one of the prolonged ends of theshaft 262 is keyed the spur-Wheel 264, which meshes with the spur-wheel265, keyed on the prolonged end journal 73 of the master-roller 8. Theusual belt-driving pulleys by which the machine is driven may be placedon .the prolonged outer end of the shaft 262.

A roller 266 extends transversely with and beneath the apron 48, withwhich it contacts, and the said roller is situated directly under thedividing-knife 229 and has its end journals 267 journaled'in thestandard-bearings 268, which latter are secured to the top rails of theside frames 1 and 2, and the said roller 266 is free to rotate and bedriven by the apron 48, with which it contacts. The standards 268 havetheir bosses 269 formed integral onY their top extended ends, and thesaid bossesare drilled to receive the scraper-supporting rods or bars270 and 271. Springsteel scraping-fingers 272 are adjustably secured attheir top ends to the scraper-bar 270, and the Vsaid scraping-tingersare arranged to have their side edges contact with the sides of thetrimming-disks 223 to scrape off any small particles of dough that mightadhere to said disks. A scraper 273 is secured at one end to thescraper-bar 271, and the said scraper has the edge of its free endcontacting with the forward face of the dividing-knife 229 to clear thelatter. A flourbox 274 has its top and bottom sides open and providedwith a sieve 275, which extends entirely across and along the interiorof said flour-box, at or near the bottom open side thereof, and the saidflour-box is provided for the purpose of dusting or flouring thedividing-knife 229 to prevent the dough adhering to it. The saidHour-box 274 is supported in position over said dividing-knife 229 byits supporting-standards 276,v which are secured at their bottom ends tothe supportingbeam 277 of the dough-turning mechanism.

In certain cases, as when the dough is couducted to the dividing-knife229 in a continuous roll t-o be divided into long rolls preparatory tobeing further Worked and formed to round elongated loaves, such asVienna loaves, it is necessary to turn such divided lengths of doughinto position transversely with the traversing apron 48 to be rolled andfurther worked and finished, and with this object in view I provide aturning mechan- 278 touch or almost touch the traversing apron 48 whenthe spindle 280 is in normal position-that is, in its lower position.The turning spindle 280 is adapted to turn in its bearing 281, formedintegral on the supporting-- beam 277, which latter beam extendstransversely with the machine and above the traversing apron 48, andsaid beam has its ends securely bolted to the top ends of thesupporting-standards 282, which latter are securely bolted to the toprails of the side frames 1 and 2. Agear-wheel 283 is secured by a key orother suitable means to the vertically-extending spindle 280 to turntherewith and in such a manner that the said spindle is free to slidelongitudinally in th'e bore of the said gear 283, and the lattergear-wheel is situated on said spindle above the bearing 281 and isadapted to mesh with the toothed reciprocating rack 284, which latter ismaintained in position on the top side of the supporting-beam 277 by theguiding-fingers 285, which extend over the top and sides of said rack,and said fingers are secured to said beam in such position thereon tomaintain the teeth of said rack in gear with the gear-wheel 283throughout the stroke of the former when moving in either a forward orbackward direction. One end of the rack 284 is provided with a forkedend 2S4f,between which is fitted the end of the connecting-rod' 286, andthe latter is hinged thereto by the pin 287, and the opposite end ofsaid connecting-rod is hinged to the shorter arm 288 of the lever 289,and the said lever is pivoted on the fulcrumstand'290, secured on thetop side of the beam 277. A pitman 291 is pivoted at. its top end to theend of the longer lever-arm 289 and extended downwardly to the'adjustable crankpin 292, to which it is connected and pivotally securedthereon by a suitable Washer 293 and retaining-screw 294. The crank-pin292 is permanently secured to the traversing head or slide-block 295,the dovetail sides of which latter are adapted accurately to -tit and toslide between the guide-strips 297, formed on the outer faces of theadjacent disk 238. The slide-block 295 is drilled and threaded toreceive the traversing screw 298, which latter is screwed therein,andthe opposite end of said screw is turned truly to fit the bore of thefixed block 299 freely to turn therein. The

free end of the said screw 298 has a square head or end formed thereon,to which a keyv or spanner may be applied to turn said traversing screwwhen it is required to increase IOO IIC

or decrease the eccentricity of the crank-pin 292 to increase ordecrease the travel or stroke of the traversing or reciprocating rack284. The turning-blades 278 have not only a motion of rotation in rightand left hand directions, but also a motion of translation in a verticaldirection, which latter motion must be imparted to said blades at thatpart of their rotation when the divided portion of dough has been turnedtransversely with the apron to raise said blades 278 clear of the Saidpiece of dough and `permit said dough to pass freely under said blades.With this object in view I provide the enlarged collar 299, which issecurely keyed or otherwise permanently secured on thevertically-extending spindle 280 to turn therewith, and a cam-groove 300is formed in the peripheral surface of said collar and is adapted toreceive the iixed pin 301. The fixed pin 301 is firmly secured in theboss 302, formed integral on the end of the vertically-extending arm303, Which latter is formed integral on the supporting-beam 277, andowing to the peculiar form and the position of the camgroove 300relatively to the turning-blades 278 said blades after having made aquarterturn will ascend.

The secondary or delivering apron 304 is arranged to travel at a muchgreater velocity than the main traversing apron 48, and the saidtraversing apron 304 surrounds the forward apron-roller 305 and extendsover the formingtable 306, which latter table is suitably supported inposition relatively to said apron 304 by its supporting-standards 307,which are securely bolted on the frames 1 and 2, and the saiddelivering-apron passes over the tension or delivering roller 308,thence under the forming-table 306, back to the forward roller 305. Theforming-table 306 may have its top surface plane,convex,or concave,according as it is required to form the dough or mold the dividedportions of dough into a cylindrical roll of uniform diameter throughoutits length, thick at the middle portion or thin at the ends. Theapron-roller 305 has its end journal 309 adapted to turn freely insuitable bearings 305, formed in the standards 3091, in which standardsuitable bearings are formed, in which the journals of the apron-roller53 also turn, and the deliveringapron roller 308 has its end journals310 journaled in the adjustable bearings 311, which are adjustablysecured to the top of the side frames 1 and 2.

The apron drive-roller 53 has its end journals 312 journaled in thebearings 313,formed in the standards 309D, and the said aprondrive-roller53 derives its motion from the longitudinally-extending sideshaft 68 through a train of gears consisting of a bevel-gear 314, keyedon one of the end journals 312 of the apron-roller 53, and saidbevel-gear 314 meshes with the bevel-gear 315,keyed on the top end'ofthe vertically-extending shaft 316 to turn with the latter. The verticalshaft 316 is adapted to turn in its bearings 317, formed integral on theside of one of the standards 309, and on the lower projecting end ofsaidvertical shaft 316 is keyed the bevel-gear 318, which latter is adaptedto mesh with the bevel-gear 319, keyed on the longitudinally-extendingside shaft 68, and by this gear the proper speed of rotation islimparted to said apron-roller 53.

A conducting-roller 320 rotates in the same direction as the top surfaceof the deliveringapron 304 and with the same superficial speed, and thesaid roller conducts the divided portions of the dough to the workingroller 321 as said divided portions of dough are discharged by the apron48 to and upon the delivering-apron 304. The working roller 321 isrotated at a very slow speed and in a direction opposed to the directionof travel of the apron 304, and the function of said roller 321 is tofurther work the divided portions of dough, to remove all breaks fromthe surfaces or skin thereof, and to prepare the said divided portionsof dough to be further operated or worked upon by the finishing andforming or shaping rollers, hereinafter more particularly referred to.

The conducting-roller 320 and the working roller 321 have their endjournals 322 and 323 Working in their journal-bearings 324 and 325 ofthe standards 326,Which latter are securely bolted on the top rails ofthe side frames 1 and 2. A spur-pinion 327, keyed on the neck of one ofthe journals 322, meshes with the spur-gear 328, keyed on the neck ofone of the journals 323, to drive the working roller 321 in a directionopposed to the apron 48 and at a speed of rotation much lower than thatof the roller 320. A bevel-gear 329 is keyed on the neck of the journal323, and the said bevel-gear meshes with the bevel-gear 330, keyed onthe upper end of the vertically-extending shaft 331. Thevertically-extending shaft 331 is journaled in the bearings 332, formedintegral on the bearing-standards 326, and on the lower end of saidvertical shaft is keyed the bevel-gear 333, which meshes with thebevel-gearl334, keyed on the shaft 68, and by such train of gearingrotative motion of the proper speed is imparted to said rollers 320 and321. A flour-box 335, similar to the Hour-boxes previously described,issu pported over the rollers 320 and 321 and is provided for the purposeof dusting or ouring said rollers in the manner and for the purposepreviously described in connection with the other tlounboxes.

The finishing-rollers 335', 336, and 337 are of equal diameters andsimilaiin form of profile,whether they be straight, cylindrical,con'cave, or convex, according to and dependent on the form of the loaves tobe passed under them to be finished. The finishing-rollers 335', 336,and 337 are arranged in parallel relation to each other and have theirIjournals 338, 339, and 340 Working in bearings formed in thesupportingarms 342 and 343,

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which latter arms are pivotally mounted on theend journals 310 at theirrear pivotal ends 344, and said arms are provided with the segmentaldepending arms 345 at their forward ends, which latter are slotted toreceive the securing-screws 346, by which said arms are secured to theside frames 1 and 2 to maintain said supporting-arms 342 in position tohold the rollers 335', 336, and 337 at their proper heights above thetable 306. The finishing-rollers 335', 336, and 337 derive their motionfrom the longitudinallyeX- tendiug driving-shaft 69 through a train ofgears consisting of a bevel-gear 347, keyed on said shaft 69 and meshingwith the bevel-gear 348, which is adapted to turn freely on the lixedstud 349, secured on the side frame 2. A spur-gear 350 is secured tosaid bevel-gear 348 and on the same center to turn freely therewith, andthe said spur-gear 350 meshes with the spur-gear 351, keyed on one endof the journal-shaft 310 of the apron-roller 308 to rotate the latter.The spur-gear 351 meshes With the spur-gear 352, and the latter spurgearis loose and adapted to freely turn on the projecting end of the shaft340, and to the said spur-gear 352 is secured centrally therewith thebevel-gear 353, which latter turns therewith. The bevel-gear 353 mesheswith the bevel-gear 354, keyed on the end of the counter-shaft 355, andsaid counter-shaft 355 is adapted to turn in the journal-bearings 356,secured to the outer side of the supporting-arm 343. A sleeve 357 ismounted on the shaft 355 to turn therewith and to slide longitudinallythereon, and on each of the ends of the said sleeve are secured thebevel-gears 358, which are of like diameter and pitch of teeth, whichbevel-gears are adapted to be moved alternately into gear with thedriven bevelgear 359, keyed or otherwise secured on the prolonged outerend of the journal 338 of the finishing-roller 335', and the saidchange-gears 358 are provided for the purpose of rapidly changing themotion of the finishingrollers and the apron surrounding them from amotion in the same direction as the apron 304 to a motion in theopposite direction-that is, to drive the apron 360 of thefinishing-rollers 335', 336, and 337 in adirection opposed to that ofthe apron 304, and vice versa, as the nature of the case may require-andthe speed of the said finishing-rollers and their surrounding apron 360and the direction in which they are run is determined by and dependentupon t-he nature of the dough and the amount of work to which the doughmust be subjected to attain the desired result and to mold the doughintothe required form.

A our-box 360f, provided with the sieve 360s, is supported above theapron 360 by suitable supporting standards 360B, which latter aresecured to the supporting-arms 342 and 343 of the finishing-rollers 335,336, and 337. A groove 361 is formed intermediate the ends of the sleeve357 and a shifting lever 362 fulcrumed on a fixed pin 363, which latteris secured to the finishing-roller supporting-arm 343, and the saidlever has its lower depending end 364 adapted tov engage the groove 361,and the said shifting lever is provided forthe purpose of moving saidsleeve 357 longitudinally on the shaft 355 to cause either of thebevel-gears 358 to engage the bevel-gear 359 on the finishing-roller335.

In addition tothe finishingormolding mechanism above described I providea mechanism whereby the divided portions of the dough are formed ormolded into spheres for another common form of loaf.

An inner forming-cone 364 is mounted on the vertically-inclined shaft365 to turn therewith, and the said shaft is adapted to turn in thebearings 366, formed integral on the supporting-bracket367.Thesupporting-bracket is composed of the side portions 367, both ofwhich are alike, and the transversely-extending rail portions 368, 369,and 370, and the said supporting-bracket has its inner bearingfaces 372formed to fit the curvature of the ends of the side frames 1 and 2, towhich said A.bearingfaces are securely bolted.

Completely surrounding and inclosing the inner forming-cone 364 is theouter forming-cone 373, which has its top and bottom ends open, and saidcone 373 is provided with the bearing and guiding rollers 374, which aremounted on the fixed studs 375, preferably four in number, which studsare firmly secured to the outer peripheral opposite sides of said coneintermediate the top and bottom ends thereof, and the said bearing andguiding rollers 374 are adapted to run in the annular trackways 376Within the flanges 377 thereof, which latter are provided for thepurpose of maintaining said rollers on said track, and the said track issupported concentrically with the common axis of the interior andexterior cones 364 and 373 by means of the supporting-arms 378, whichlatter are securely bolted to the ends of the side frames 1 and 2. Aconed ring or annulus 379 surrounds the outer cone 373 at the basethereof and integral therewith, and on the periphery thereof are formedthe gear-teeth 380, which teeth mesh with the teeth of the gear-wheel381, keyed on the top end of the vertically-inclined shaft 382 to turntherewith. The shaft 382 is journaled in the bearings 383, formedintegral on the supporting-bracket 367, and on the bottom end of saidshaft is keyed the bevel-gear 384, which meshes with the drivingbevelgear 385, keyed on the horizontal shaft 386, and by the said trainof gearing motion is imparted to the outer forming-cone 373.

The horizontal driving-shaft 386 is journaled in suitable bearings 387,formed integral on the central portions of the cross-rails 388, and thesaid rails are secured to the supporting-brackets 367 and to the sideframes 1 and 2 at proper distances apart to securely and rigidly holdsaid shaft 386 in position. A bevel-gear 389, keyed on the shaft 240 toIOO IOS

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turn therewith, meshes with the bevel-gear 390, keyed on the forward endof said shaft 386 to turn the latter shaft, and a bevel-gear 391 iskeyed on the rear end of said shaft and meshes with the bevel-gear 392,keyed on the shaft 365 to turn the latter shaft and the innershaping-Cone 364, and thus the inner and the outershaping-cones 364 and373 are driven positivelyin the same direction and at different speeds.When it is desired that the direction of rotation of the outershaping-cone 373 be reversed, a bevel-gear 393 (shown in dotted lines)is secured on the shaft 386 in the position shown to drive the gear 384,and the bevel-gear 385 is moved along the shaft 386 out of gear, whichchange is readily made.

I will now proceed to describe the practice of my invention. The doughis first prepared and rolled into the proper state by a specialrolling-machine or breaker. The dough thus prepared is placed on thefeed-apron 62 of the hopper table or board 12 and is carried under theequalizing-rollers 28, 27, and 26 to be gradually reduced before beingdelivered to the reducing-rollers 8 and 9, and thus preventing thelatter rollers becoming gorged and choked. The dough in passing betweenthe reducing-rollers 8 and 9 is reduced to a thin continuous ribbon,which is delivered upon the main traversing apron 48, and the speed ofthe latter being equal to the peripheral speed of the roller 8, or itmay in some instances be slightly faster, is taken up as fast asdelivered and carried to the first cross or folding apron 81, whichlatter apron folds or rolls the dough into a continuous roll orcylinder, and in thus forming and rolling said sliver or ribbon of doughthe said roll or cylinder of dough is moved toward the outer edge of theapron 48. It is now necessary gradually to roll or turn the dough toreturn the same to a position central upon the apron 48 in order todirect said dough straight to and between the die-rollers 194 and 195.This transfer of the dough I accomplish by means of the secondcross-apron or centering-apron 129, which traverses across the apron 48ina direction opposed to the folding-apron 81-- that is, in thedirection indicated by the arrow as (see Fig. `7)--so that when thedough contacts with the apron 129 it is rolled from the position a, tothe position bmthat is, to the center of the apron 48. The cylinderdough is now passed through the die-rollers 194 and 195 to be stillfurther reduced and worked, and the dough thus worked is passed directlyto the dividing-knife 229 to be divided into portions of equal weight ordensity and size. When it is required still further to work the doughbefore delivering the same to the dividing-knife 229-as, for instance,to prepare the dough for square loaves of breadsaid dough after leavingrsaid die-rollers 194 and 195 is passed under the attening-roller 212 tobe flattened out, after which the dough is passed between thetrimming-disks 223 to reduce it to a uniform width, after which trimmingoperation the dough is passed to the dividing-knife 229 to be divided,as previously described.

When the machine is not required for use in making square loaves, thecylindrical roll of dough when divided into smaller rolls extendslongitudinally of the traversing apron 48 and must be turnedtransversely with said apron before being further worked. This operationof turning is performed by the turningblades 278, and the dividedportions of dough are then delivered to and upon the secondary apron304, which latter apron is driven at a more rapid speed than the apron48 for the purpose of carrying the divided portions of dough away astheydrop from the apron 48, and thereby cause a wide space to be formedbetween each successive divided portion or loaf, so that each individualportion of dough may be thoroughly worked and discharged from themachine before a second portion of dough is served to the apron 304. Ifit is desired, further, to roll the divided portions of dough to reducetheir diameters and to extend their lengths, said portions of dough arefurther Worked by the conducting-roller 320, which rotates in the samedirection as the apron 304, and thence are passed under the roller 321,which rotates at a slow speed and in a direction opposed to that of theapron 304, which movement imparts a rotary or rolling motion to therolls of dough, giving each individual roll of dough an individualinitial velocity before subjecting them to a further working under thefinishing and molding rollers 335, 336, and 337.

The inishing-rollers 335', 336, and 337 are driven in a directionopposed to the apron 304 when it is required to further Work and rollthe divisions of dough to mold them into the desired form, such asindicated in Figs. 22 and 23, and after thus working the portions ofdough into form they are removed from the apron 304, eitherautomatically or manually, and placed in a suitable oven to be baked.

lf the dough is divided into very short rolls and it is necessary toform them into spheres, the said short cylindrical divisions aretransferred from the knife 229 and passed directly to the revolvingforming-cones 364 373, between which said short portions of dough areeach rolled and molded into spheres. When such process is followed, theturning-blades 278, the conducting and Working rollers 320 and 321, andthe linishing-rollers 335, 336, and 337 are removed to permit the saiddivided portions of dough as they leave the dividing-knife 229 to passuninterruptedly to the forming-cones 364 373.

It will of course be understood that the dough is conveyed to theforming-cones 364 and 373 through the medium of the apron 304, theloaves dropping over the discharge end of said apron into the open upperend of the cone 373.

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